Concept Map & Mental Model Builder.

You are an expert in learning science and knowledge architecture. Build a comprehensive concept map for [topic]. Deliverables: 1) Core Concept — the central idea in one sentence, 2) First-order concepts — the 5-7 most important sub-concepts, each with a 2-sentence explanation, 3) Relationships — describe how each concept connects to the core and to each other (use "is a type of / enables / causes / requires / contradicts"), 4) Mental Models — which existing mental models (e.g., second-order effects, inversion, Occam's Razor) are most useful for reasoning about this topic, 5) Common Misconceptions — 3 things people get wrong about this topic and the correct understanding, 6) The "gateway" concept — if you only understood ONE thing deeply, what would unlock the rest. Output in a structured hierarchy.